Lower Extremity Tendinopathies is a comprehensive resource that helps clinicians better understand, evaluate, and treat these common injuries. The interactive course with companion e-book—written by leading tendinopathy researcher Jill Cook in conjunction with clinician Ebonie Scase—systematically reviews the pathology of lower limb tendinopathies and teaches you how to treat these challenging and often-recurring injuries.
This evidence-based course and text provide a thorough review of tendon anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics. You will gain insight into the complex and ongoing noninflammatory, pathological alterations that occur in the tendon matrix and discover a three-stage tendon pathology continuum that will enhance your clinical reasoning process and treatment regimens. After learning the essential background knowledge, you will move on to assessment techniques by looking at intrinsic factors—such as genetic profile, sex, body composition, previous injury, general health issues, and medications—as well as load-related training error to examine how they relate to tendon injuries. The course also includes video of several functional assessments and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasound and MRI imaging for assessing tendinopathies.
Finally, you will review evidence-based information regarding tendinopathy treatments, including a comprehensive examination of the efficacy of treatments such as exercise, bracing, therapeutic modalities, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, surgery, and pharmacotherapy interventions such as prolotherapy and corticosteroid injections. Interactive case studies allow you to practice with virtual clients, and downloadable outcome forms (to help determine a client’s status in terms of pain levels and causes of pain) are a tool to help you assess patients and improve clinical care.
Upon completion of the course, you should be able to do the following:
- Explain the three stages of tendon pathology.
- Identify intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for tendinopathies.
- Identify appropriate questions to ask and tests to perform during an examination.
- Develop an effective rehabilitation program for various tendinopathies.
Course Outline
Unit 1. Normal Tendons
- Define key terms associated with normal tendons.
- List the functions of tenocytes.
- Identify components of tendon extracellular matrix.
- Describe enthesis and its functions.
- Describe how tendon cells respond to mechanical load.
- List the functions of tendons.
- Describe biomechanical properties of normal tendons.
Unit 2. Pathology
- Define key terms associated with tendon pathology.
- List the changes in tendon structure that are associated with tendon pathology.
- Identify the changes in the biomechanical properties of Type III collagen.
- List and explain the three stages of tendon pathology.
- Define peritendinitis and give examples of causes.
- Identify causes of pain in pathological tendons.
- Explain histological responses to load.
Unit 3. Etiological Factors
- Differentiate between associated factors and risk factors.
- Identify intrinsic risk factors for tendinopathy.
- Identify extrinsic risk factors for tendinopathy.
Unit 4. Clinical Examination
- Identify appropriate questions to ask during a subjective examination.
- Identify tests to perform for various suspected tendinopathies.
- Describe the indications for imaging in tendon pathology.
Unit 5. Treatment
- Properly progress a rehabilitation program for various tendinopathies.
- Discuss the possible mechanisms that contribute to eccentric exercise efficacy.
- Describe the implications of various adjunct treatments.
Student Text Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Normal Tendons
Histology
Structural Regions in Tendons
Response to Load
Function of Tendons
Biomechanical Properties
Summary
Chapter 2. Tendon Pathology
Terminology
Epidemiology of Tendinopathy
Tendon Rupture
Primary Changes in Tendon Structure in Tendinopathy
Pain
Histological Responses to Load
Summary
Chapter 3. Etiological Factors
Pain and Pathology
Factors Associated With Tendinopathy
Summary
Chapter 4. Clinical Examination
Subjective Examination (History)
Objective Assessment (Physical Examination)
Regional Tendon Anatomy and Presentations
Summary
Chapter 5. Treatment
Conservative Management
Adjunct Treatments
Summary
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