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Excerpts
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Five stages to reduce back pain through exercise
Neurophysiological mechanisms of pain are highly modulated by movement and exercise. Endorphin release has long been known to occur with exercise, but the molecular basis for these links is not well understood.
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Models for measuring biological signals to assess risk
The final approach for risk assessment is to measure biological signals from each subject to capture the unique ways people perform their jobs and then use sophisticated anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological relationships to assign forces to the tissues.
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Postural tests for formal assessment
A formal assessment of posture includes an assessment of sitting, standing, and lying. Pain is present because the back is currently a weak link. Functional tests help to sort out why the back is a weak link and help indicate what is required to bolster the deficit.
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Treatment isn’t a recipe from a cookbook: Strategies for individualizing rehabilitation
Given the wide variety of patients with low back issues, we cannot expect to succeed in low back rehabilitation by treating everyone with the same cookbook program. The following strategies will help guide clinical decisions to individualize - and thus optimize - the rehabilitation program.
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©2018
Low Back Disorders 3rd Edition With Web Resource
Evidence-Based Prevention and Rehabilitation
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Short Description
Low Back Disorders, Third Edition With Web Resource, written by internationally recognized low back specialist Stuart McGill, guides readers through the assessment and treatment of low back pain, providing evidence-based research on the best methods of rehabilitation and prevention of future injury.
© 2016
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Cloth w/Pass or Keycode
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Book with online resource 424 pages
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ISBN-13: 9781450472913
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Low Back Disorders, Third Edition With Web Resource, guides readers through the assessment and treatment of low back pain, providing evidence-based research on the best methods of rehabilitation and prevention of future injury. In this book, internationally recognized low back specialist Stuart McGill presents the research and applications of back anatomy and biomechanics to build effective prevention and rehabilitation programs for patients or clients.
This third edition of Low Back Disorders contains all of the essential tools for those with low back maladies. Strong foundational information on anatomy and injury mechanisms guide readers through the essential functions of the structures of the low back and related tissues, and common misconceptions about pain and discomfort are addressed and corrected. The text provides detailed insights into injury assessment by an extensively expanded set of tests with accompanying instructions. These provide guidance and recommendations for individualized rehabilitation strategies and exercises. Also new to this edition is a web resource featuring 20 fillable Handouts for Patients or Clients that can be edited and printed to suit practitioner and patients’ needs. The web resource also contains an online video suite that showcases various exercises and assessments. In addition to offering strategies for relieving and potentially eliminating pain, the text provides insight into the conditions and environments that may initially cause back pain and makes recommendations on reducing these influences so that clients can be pain free.
This book contains more than 500 photos, graphs, and charts on anatomy, biomechanics, and assessments; 50 tests and exercises with step-by-step instructions are available to aid readers in developing successful programs for patients and clients. In addition to the evidence-based foundation of this edition, the following enhancements have been made: - Completely updated information and streamlined chapter organization ensure that practitioners use best clinical practices.
- Practical checklists throughout the text provide easy access to testing and assessment clinical techniques and information.
- Practical Applications provide clinical information to aid readers in understanding concepts and theory.
- To aid instructors, the text includes a newly added image bank to visually support class lectures.
Low Back Disorders, Third Edition With Web Resource, contains essential research and corresponding clinical applications in a clear and organized format. Part I introduces the functional anatomy and biomechanics of the lumbar spine. It also presents epidemiological studies on low back disorders and dispels common myths of lumbar spine stability. Part II reviews risk factors for low back disorders and common prevention methods, with specific attention paid to reducing workplace risk factors. Part III explains evaluating and diagnosing clients and developing exercise and rehabilitation programs. Specific exercises that are proven to enhance performance and reduce pain are also explained.
Evidence-based research and cutting-edge application strategies from a leading spine specialist in North America make Low Back Disorders, Third Edition With Web Resource, the authoritative text for the examination and rehabilitation of the low back. Its approach to back care will lead readers in developing intervention, rehabilitation, and prevention programs to address the unique needs of each patient or client.
List of Tests and Exercises
Preface
Accessing and Using the Web Resource
Acknowledgments
How and Why You Should Read This Book Part I: Scientific Foundation
- Chapter 1. Introduction to the Issues and Scientific Approach Unique to This Book
- Legislative Landscape: The Unfortunate Adverse Impact on Painful Backs
- Deficiencies in Current Diagnostic Practices
- Inadequacies in Current Care and Prevention
- Mechanical Loading and the Process of Injury: A Low Back Tissue Injury Primer
- Excellent Clinicians and Excellent Practice
- Unique Scientific Foundation of This Book
- In Vitro Lab
- In Vivo Lab
- A Final Note
- Chapter 2. Epidemiological Studies and What They Really Mean
- Influence of Randomized Controlled Trials and Other Epidemiological Approaches
- Misunderstandings of Epidemiology
- Multidimensional Links Among Biomechanical, Psychosocial, and Personal Variables
- Are Biomechanical Variables and Psychosocial Variables Distinct?
- How Do Biomechanical Factors Affect LBD?
- Links Between Personal Factors and LBD
- Studies of Exercise Intervention
- Practical Application: What the Evidence Supports
- What Works Clinically
- A Final Note
- Chapter 3. Functional Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine
- Anatomy Trains
- Basic Neural Structure
- Vascular Anatomy
- Vertebrae
- Sacroiliac Joints
- Intervertebral Disc
- Muscles
- Ligaments
- Lumbodorsal Fascia (LDF)
- Quick Review of the Pelvis, Hips, and Related Musculature
- Clinically Relevant Aspects of Pain and Anatomic Structure
- A Final Note
- Chapter 4. Normal and Injury Mechanics of the Lumbar Spine
- Kinematic Properties of the Thoracolumbar Spine
- Kinetics and Normal Lumbar Spine Mechanics
- Dubious Lifting Mechanisms
- Other Important Mechanisms of Normal Spine Mechanics
- Injury Mechanisms
- Biomechanical and Physiological Changes Following Injury
- A Final Note
- Chapter 5. Myths and Realities of Lumbar Spine Stability
- Why Spine Stability Is Important for Everyone
- Stability: A Qualitative Analogy
- Quantitative Foundation of Stability
- Stability Myths, Facts, and Clinical Implications
- A Final Note
Part II: Injury Prevention
- Chapter 6. LBD Risk Assessment
- Brief Review of the Risk Factors for LBD
- NIOSH Approach to Risk Assessment
- Snook Psychophysical Approach
- Lumbar Motion Monitor (LMM)
- Ergowatch
- Biological Signal–Driven Model Approaches
- A Final Note
- Chapter 7. Reducing the Risk of Low Back Injury
- Lessons From the Literature
- LBD Prevention for Workers
- The Question of Back Belts
- LBD Prevention for Employers
- Injury Prevention Primer
- A Note for Consultants
- Reducing the Risk in Athletes
- A Final Note
Part III: Low Back Rehabilitation
- Chapter 8. Building Better Rehabilitation Programs for Low Back Injuries
- Pain-Reducing Mechanisms of Exercise
- Five-Stage Back Training Program
- Finding the Best Approach
- Stages of Patient Progression
- Guidelines for Developing the Best Exercise Regimen
- A Final Note
- Chapter 9. Evaluating the Patient
- Most Crucial Element in Evaluation
- First Clinician–Patient Meeting
- Assessing Posture and Movement Quality
- Some Provocation Tests
- Some Functional Screens
- Testing Muscle Endurance
- A Final Note
- Chapter 10. Developing the Exercise Program
- Philosophy of Low Back Exercise Design
- Clinical Wisdom
- Thoughts on Mobility
- Identifying Safe and Effective Exercises
- Beginner’s Program for Stabilization
- Exercises That May Be Used in a Stabilization Program
- Special Conditions
- A Final Note
- Chapter 11. Advanced Exercises
- Safely Increasing Challenges
- Occupational and Athletic Work Hardening
- A Final Note
Epilogue
Handouts for Patients or Clients
Appendix
Glossary
References and Additional Readings
Index
About the Author
A reference for physical and occupational therapists, sport and orthopedic physicians, rehabilitation specialists, athletic trainers, and fitness specialists. Also useful for students as a primary or secondary resource on biomechanics and low back disorders.
Stuart McGill, PhD, is a professor at the University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and a world-renowned lecturer and expert in spine function, injury prevention, and rehabilitation. He has written more than 300 scientific publications on lumbar function, mechanisms of low back injury, investigation of rehabilitation programs matched to specific categories of back pain patients, and the formulation of work-related injury avoidance strategies. He has received several awards for his work, including the Volvo Bioengineering Award for Low Back Pain Research from Sweden. McGill has been an invited lecturer at many universities and delivered more than 300 addresses to societies around the world. As a consultant, he has provided expertise on assessment and reduction of the risk of low back injury to government agencies, corporations, professional athletes and teams, and legal firms. He is one of the few scientists who, in addition to performing research, is regularly requested by the medical profession to consult with challenging patients from around the world.
Ancillaries are free to course adopters and available at www.HumanKinetics.com/LowBackDisorders.
Image bank. Includes more than 500 photos, illustrations, and tables that are found throughout the book. These images are organized by chapter and can be used in classroom presentations, handouts, and activities.
Web resource with online video. Includes 20 fillable Handouts for Patients and Clients that can be edited and printed to provide clients with valuable information. Many of the forms also appear throughout the book as demonstrations of their functionality and purpose. Additionally, 17 video clips demonstrate various exercises for rehabilitation and strength. Most videos include author of Stuart McGill’s explanations of techniques and benefits. Videos bring content to life and help readers understand key concepts so that they can apply these techniques with confidence.
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